THE SPHERE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AS A COMPONENT OF THE RECOVERY PLAN OF UKRAINE

. The article analyzes the Recovery Plan of Ukraine (draft) in “Education and Science” direction, laid out in “Higher Education” section


INTRODUCTION
The war unleashed by russia against Ukraine on February 24, 2022 has brought and continues to bring radical changes to all spheres of public life in the Ukrainian state, including the higher education sphere.A significant number of the higher education system employees and students take part in the territorial defence formations, in direct military operations in the Armed Forces of Ukraine and volunteer activities.A large number of buildings and the material and technical base of higher education institutions (hereinafter referred to as HEI) were damaged and completely destroyed.A large number of students, and academics went abroad.On June 23, 2022 Ukraine was granted the status of a candidate for European Union membership.These circumstances make it necessary to take into account concrete measures for the restoration of higher education in "Education and Science" direction in the Recovery Plan of Ukraine.

LITERATURE REVIEW
The following provisions are institutional basis for developing proposals to the Recovery Plan of Ukraine in "Education and Science" direction: -Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 226/2022 "Issues of the National Council on the Recovery of Ukraine from the Consequences of the War of April 21, 2022; -Final document of the third UNESCO World Conference on Higher Education (WHEC 2022), May 18-20, 2022, Barcelona, Spain; -Draft of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine, direction "Education and Science", section "Higher Education" (August 3, 2022); -International expert conference and V Economic Forum on the recovery of Ukraine, October 24-25, 2022, Berlin, Germany; -Constitution of Ukraine (1996); -Laws of Ukraine "On Education" (2017) and "On Higher Education" (2014).

METHODOLOGY
The methodological basis for the development of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine in the direction "Education and Science" section "Higher Education" should be the provisions of international and national standard economic and social statistical classifications in the field of higher education.So, in particular, according to the Statistical classification of types of economic activity in the EU, higher education is classified as follows: "Group: 85.4 Higher education.Classes: 85.41 Postsecondary non-higher education; 85.42 Higher education" (NACE REV. 2. Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in The European Community, 2008).The corresponding national standard statistical classification of types of economic activity (KVED) contains the following: "... 85.4 Higher education, classes: 85.41 Vocational education at the level of higher prof.-tech.education institution; 85.42 Higher education" (State Committee of Ukraine on Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy, 2010).In the statistical classification of products by types of activity in the EU, version 2.1.higher education is classified as follows: "Group: 85.4 Services in the field of higher education, classes: 85.41 Services in the field of post-secondary non-higher education; 85.42 Services in the field of higher education" (Statistical Classification of Products by Activity in The European Union, version 2.1, n.d.).In the National State Classification of Products and Services DK 016-2010 (DCPP), higher education is presented as follows: "... 85.4 Services in the field of higher education; 85.41 Services in the field of after-school education of non-university level; 85.42 Services in the field of higher education at the university level" (State Committee of Ukraine on Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy, 2010).
The purpose and objectives of the article.The purpose of the article is to analyse the provisions of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine (draft), set out in "Education and Science" direction, "Higher Education" section (edited 03.08.2022) and main indicators of the higher education sphere of Ukraine in 2005-2020, and offer relevant proposals for recovery in the higher education sphere of Ukraine.The overall 20 key challenges and 22 key opportunities formulated in the draft Plan for Education and Science are not directly considered for higher education sphere; among 32 key constraints, the field of higher education is considered in only one.Among 54 national projects under "Education and Science" 2032 direction in the field of higher education, only 4 are proposed to be implemented.Thus, Higher Education Sphere of Ukraine is underrepresented in draft Recovery Plan.
Regarding the above mentioned, relevance of this article does not raise doubts.Specific provisions and measures regarding higher education sphere of Ukraine recovery under the conditions of integration into the European higher education area should be taken into account while making up Recovery Plan in "Education and Science" direction in "Higher Education" section.

MAIN RESULTS
To start with, main indicators concerning the network, educational activity and financing higher education sphere of Ukraine during 2005-2020 (in 2005, Ukraine joined the Bologna process) are presented.
The analysis of the dynamics of students population in higher education institutions of Ukraine in 2005-2020, the number of students by class of secondary education institutions in 2020, the number of students of secondary education institutions who left Ukraine in 2022 provides sufficient grounds for a forecast, that the dynamics of students population in higher education institutions in 2022-2032 is going to continue decreasing by an estimated 1.5-2.0times until 2032.
Public spending on higher education in Ukraine in 2005-2021 (that is, over the past 17 years) increased from UAH 7.9 billion in 2005 to 65 billion 465 million 70 thousand UAH (or up to UAH 65.5 billion) or 8.3 times (7.4 times at the expense of state budget funds, and 18.4 times at the expense of local budget funds).
The share of public spending on higher education in expenditures of the consolidated budget of Ukraine for education decreased from 29.6% to 21.2%, or by 8.4 percentage points, including a decrease of state budget funds from 27.4% to 17. 7% or by 9.7 percentage points, and there was an increase from 2.2 percentage points to 3.5 percentage points or by 1.3 percentage points at the expense of local budget funds.
It is possible to assume, the above-mentioned changes in the public spending on higher education in Ukraine has resulted from decentralization of state administration and implementation of the "New Ukrainian School" (NUS) program in the field of education in Ukraine as a priority.According to our preliminary estimates, in the post-war reconstruction of higher education sphere in Ukraine, the trends identified will be preserved and even strengthened.
It should be mentioned, there is no verified statistical information about spending on higher education from non-budgetary sources, first of all, from households and foreign citizens.However, there are significant grounds for the conclusion that in the post-war period their volumes will decrease several times.
Here are the main proposals to the Recovery Plan (draft) of Ukraine in "Education and Science" direction, "Higher Education" section and to separate normative legal acts that regulate the activities of the higher education sphere.

Table 1
The main indicators of the network and educational activity of higher education institutions of Ukraine in 2005-2020 Indicators in Table 2 were formed according to the information and analytical collection "Education in independent Ukraine: development and competitiveness", Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Institute of Educational Analytics, Kyiv 2021.) The main problems and goals of the higher education sphere of Ukraine, which should be included in the Recovery Plan of Ukraine for "Education and Science" direction, "Higher Education" section, we propose to set out in the following version: Problem 1. Inadequacy of the network of higher education institutions of Ukraine to the post-war needs of Ukraine and its regions, taking into account the consequences of the war with russia, changes in the population, relocation of enterprises and businesses in various areas of the economy.
Goal 1. Bringing the network of HEI into compliance with the post-war needs of Ukraine and its regions, taking into account the consequences of the war with russia, changes in the population, relocation of enterprises and businesses in various areas of the economy.
Problem 2 Inadequacy of training volumes of specialists with higher education in higher education institutions of Ukraine to the modern and post-war needs of Ukraine and its regions, taking into account the consequences of the war with russia, changes in the population, relocation of enterprises and businesses in various sectors of the economy, expansion of opportunities for Ukrainian citizens to obtain higher education in higher education institutions of the European Union, Great Britain, the USA, Canada and other countries of the world.
Goal 2. Training of specialists with a higher education in the higher education institutions of Ukraine in volumes that will meet the post-war needs of Ukraine and its regions, taking into account the consequences of the war with russia, changes in the population, relocation of enterprises and businesses in various sectors of the economy, expansion of opportunities for Ukrainian citizens to obtain a higher education in higher education institutions of the European Union, Great Britain, the USA, Canada and other countries of the world.
Problem 3. Low quality of services in the higher education sphere of Ukraine Goal 3. Improvement of quality indicators of produced and provided services in the field of higher education of Ukraine to the average corresponding indicators of the European higher education area.
Problem 4. Low efficiency of educational activities in higher education institutions of Ukraine Goal 4. Improvement of indicators of the efficiency of educational activity in higher education institutions of Ukraine to the average corresponding indicators of the European higher education area.
Problem 5. Insignificant volumes of production of services related to scientific research and experimental development, which are carried out in the higher education institutions of Ukraine.
Goal 5. Increase the volume of production of services related to scientific research and experimental development, which are carried out in higher education institutions of Ukraine, to the average corresponding indicators of the European higher education area.Problem 6. Substantial decrease in the number of foreign citizens obtaining higher education in higher education institutions of Ukraine.
Goal 6. Expansion of institutional opportunities for obtaining higher education by foreign citizens in higher education institutions of Ukraine, by making appropriate changes to the regulatory and legal acts of Ukraine.
Problem 7. A significant decrease in the number of Ukrainian higher education recipients in higher education institutions of Ukraine with payment for services in the field of higher education of Ukraine at the expense of households.
Goal 7. Expansion of institutional opportunities for obtaining higher education in higher education institutions of Ukraine with payment for services in the field of higher education of Ukraine at the expense of household funds, in particular bank loans, by making appropriate changes to the current legal acts.
Problem 8.There is corruption phenomena in the higher education sphere of Ukraine.Goal 8. To overcome corruption phenomena in the higher education sphere of Ukraine, first of all, by making appropriate changes to the current normative legal acts and adopting a separate Law of Ukraine "On public procurement of services in the higher education sphere of Ukraine".
Problem 9. Limitedness of verified statistical information on the activities of the higher education sphere of Ukraine as one of the bases for taking reasonable measures to improve the performance indicators of higher education institutions Goal 9. To provide verified statistical information on the activities of the higher education sector of Ukraine as one of the bases for taking reasonable measures to improve the performance indicators of higher education institutions in accordance with the requirements of the European Higher Education Area.
The main priorities in determining the volume for training specialists with higher education in higher education institutions of Ukraine with payment for the production and provision of services in the field of higher education at the expense of the state and regional budgets of Ukraine, which should be taken into account when forming the Recovery Plan of Ukraine in "Education and Science" direction, are to recognize: 1.For the Armed Forces of Ukraine; 2. For training of policemen, national guardsmen, rescuers, border guards (HEI of system of the Ministry of Internal Affairs); 3. For enterprises of the military-industrial complex (MIC) of Ukraine; 4. For the agricultural and industrial complex (AIC) of Ukraine; 5.For the sphere of education of Ukraine with the aim of providing citizens of Ukraine with the constitutional right to free education in state and communal educational institutions (in state and communal higher education institutions -on a competitive basis); 6.For the sphere of health care of Ukraine with the aim of providing citizens of Ukraine with the constitutional right to free medical care in state and communal health care institutions.
Predictive indicators of admissions of higher education seekers to higher education institutions of Ukraine should be calculated in accordance with institutionally established priorities when determining the volume of training specialists with higher education in higher education institutions of Ukraine with payment for production and provision of services in the field of higher education at the expense of the state and regional budgets of Ukraine by group 85.41 Services in in the field of after-school education at the non-university level and 85.42 Services in the field of higher education at the university level in terms of specialties (specializations).Admission rates of higher education applicants to higher education institutions of Ukraine for master's degrees should not exceed 25% of the bachelor's graduation rate.

CONCLUSIONS
Having analysed institutional basis (provisions, documents), indicators of higher education sphere and draft of the national Recovery Plan of Ukraine in "Education and science" direction, we propose to develop and approve a separate, specific plan for recovery of the higher education sphere of Ukraine, as an effective management tool in the conditions of martial law.
The Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the State Statistics Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine, the Ministry of Social Policy of Ukraine, the Ministry of Finance of Ukraine, the Ministry of Economy, the Ministry of Health of Ukraine, and other central bodies of the executive power supervising higher education institutions should create a verified statistical information on the activities of the higher education sphere of Ukraine as one of the bases for taking reasonable measures to improve the performance indicators of higher education institutions.
To design a draft of a new law of Ukraine "On the order of the state, region, corporation, household for the production and provision of services in the field of higher education (for the training specialists with higher education) in the post-war reconstruction and development of Ukraine".
To develop a project of the Law of Ukraine "On the specifics of procedures for the procurement of services for the training of specialists, scientific, scientific-pedagogical and labour personnel, advanced training and retraining of personnel (postgraduate education) under the state order", as established by the Law of Ukraine "On Public Procurement" (2016) (edition dated 15.08.2020,Article 3, Part 8 Clause 1).In our opinion, the procurement of the above-mentioned services in accordance with the principles of public procurement of Article 5 of this Law (1) fair competition among participants; 2) maximum savings, efficiency and proportionality; 3) openness and transparency at all stages of procurement; 4) non-discrimination of participants and equal treatment of them; 5) objective and impartial determination of the winner of the procurement procedure/simplified procurement; 6) prevention of corrupt actions and abuses) will allow to ensure the creation of a competitive environment for the procurement of services in the field of higher education, prevention of manifestations of corruption in this field.
To provide in the relevant normative legal acts the possibility of HEIs to carry out economic activities according to the definition of the legal owner (founder) of HEIs in the organizational and legal forms (statuses) established in the Classification of Institutional Sectors of the Economy (KISE) with the aim of introducing corporatization provisions and expanding the financial autonomy of HEIs into the higher education sphere of Ukraine.The presence of the HEI in the appropriate status of a legal entity and belonging to the relevant institutional sector of the economy will be one of the bases for forming specific mechanisms of corporate management of the HEI, instruments of public financing and regulation of the limits of its institutional (in particular, financial) autonomy and corporatization.

. The number of pedagogical, scientific-pedagogical and scientific workers, persons Colleges, technical schools, vocational schools 45475 43513 41446 38919 37540 37199 37088 36485 36254 30593 28664 27776 26954 25943 23450 Universities, academies, institutes 146682 153374 159086 160343 163756 163632 160805 158906 158521 137993 134231 131953 129383 127034 133459 2.1.7. The number of students per one pedagogical, scientific-pedagogical and scientific worker, persons Colleges, technical schools, vocational schools
The indicators inTable 1 are based on the data of the information and analytical collection "Education in independent Ukraine: development and competitiveness" of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, Institute of Educational Analytics, Kyiv 2021